Zara - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1149 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? CNN. com Zara, a Spanish success story June 15 2001 https://edition. cnn. com/BUSINESS/programs/yourbus MAINPAGE EUROPE WORLD WEATHER BUSINESS markets market data technology tech markets currencies biz international SCI-TECH ENTERTAINMENT IN-DEPTH NEWS BRIEF SPORT Zara, a Spanish success * story June 15, 2001 Posted: 4:37 AM EDT (0837 GMT) Your Business Your World Success without sweatshops †¢ Zara does things differently LONDON, England (CNN) In an era when clothing retailers outsource much of their manufacturing to developing countries, one Spanish company is having enormous success doing things differently. Founder makes a mint EDITIONS: CNN. com U. S. : Sections CNN. com Asia set default edition MULTIMEDIA: video audio daily crossword SERVICES: more services SERVICES E-MAIL SERVICES CNN MOBILE CNN AVANT GO DESKTOP TICKER ABOUT US AD INFO CNN TV whats on biz international inside sailing the music room show transcripts how to get CNN TV anchors/reporters bureaux CNN Partner Hotels EDITIONS CNN. com U. S. CNN. com Asia CNNArabic. com CNNEspanol. com set your edition Languages Time, Inc. While retailers concentrate their money and efforts on building a brand image through advertising campaigns, their lack of control over sub-contractors has left many open to accusations of using sweatshop labour when unacceptable practices are uncovered at factories producing their merchandise. Many campaigners against sweatshop labour question the economics of outsourcing production and point to the likes of Spanish fashion chain Zara as an example of how things could be done. Control over production facilities was Possibly the most given up by major American firms innovative and devastating coincident with the shift of most shoe and retailer in the world apparel production to authoritarian LVMH fashion director Daniel countries. Most consumers are now aware Piette on Zara of the untoward results of this major change, Jeffrey Ballinger, a Harvard researcher and director of pressure group Press for Change told CNN. Zara, on the other hand, has turned control over garment factories into a competitive advantage, said Ballinger. The Spanish firm not only sells clothes but also designs and makes them. It has never run an advertising campaign, yet has more than 1,000 shops worldwide. As it makes the clothes itself, it can react quickly to changing market trends. While others, including rivals Gap and HM, take up to nine months to get new lines into their shops, Zara takes just two to three weeks. Its success has led to it being described as possibly the most innovative and devastating retailer in the world, by LVMH fashion director Daniel Piette. Its really quite exciting to see a new model like this one that actually breaks all the rules of the apparel industry as it has developed over the last two decades: contract out all production and spend obscene amounts to advertise your brand, added Ballinger. So what is Zaras secret? The compan ys success lies in it having total control of every part of the business. It designs, produces and distributes itself. 1 of 3 10-09-08 01:14 PM CNN. com Zara, a Spanish success story June 15 2001 https://edition. cnn. om/BUSINESS/programs/yourbus Everything is co-ordinated from its headquarters on an industrial estate in Sabon-Arteixo, outside La Coruna in Spain. By controlling the entire process from factory to shop floor, Zara can react quickly to changing fashion trends and customers tastes, providing a newness that has taken Europe by storm. It designs, picks and cuts the cloth before Sales in 2000 sending it to workshops and co-operatives in northern Portugal and the surrounding †¢ Inditex $2. 43 billion area of Galicia for sewing. †¢ HM $3. billion The clothes are finished off at La Coruna before being shipped out twice a week to all its shops. †¢ Gap $13. 6 billion Investment banks used to say that this model did not work, but we have shown that it gives us m ore flexibility in production, sales and stock management, said Inditex chief executive Jose Maria Castellano. Shoppers addicted to the Zara brand know exactly when the deliveries will be arriving at their local shop and some even turn up before opening time on delivery days to be the first to pick up the latest lines. With its range of clothes constantly being updated, one or two unpopular items are unlikely to hurt its profits and customers are more likely to visit its shops regularly to see new stock. Zara shop managers report back every day to designers in La Coruna on what has and has not sold. The information is used to decide which product lines and colours are kept or altered and whether new lines are created. All this happens in the space of just a few days. Increase in sales in 2000 †¢ Inditex 28% †¢ HM 9. 2% †¢ Gap 17. 5% The efficiency of the system means the company can keep costs down by keeping stocks low. Its design team produce an incredible 11, 000 different designs a year. Customers also have direct input into what the shops sell as their feedback is sent back to the designers too. Castellano has called this the democratisation of fashion. No advertising The other trend-bucking aspect of the companys business model is its approach to advertising. Fashion retailers spend on average 3. 5% of revenue on advertising their products, while Zaras parent company Inditex spends just 0. %. Have you ever seen a Zara commercial on a billboard or on TV? The companys founder, Amancio Ortega, believes advertising is a pointless distraction. Once when a famous Spanish actress asked to do a photo shoot in one of his shops, Ortega said no and scolded the newly appointed executive who suggested it would be good for the firm. You havent got the idea yet have you, he said. 2 of 3 10-09-08 01:14 PM CNN. com Zara, a Spanish success story June 15 2001 https://edition. cnn. com/BUSINESS/programs/yourbus The company believes that its shop wi ndows, the contents of which are also decided in La Coruna, are all the advertising it needs. The philosophy seems to have worked. As of late last year, Zara had 350 shops in Europe, 18 in the Middle East, 52 in the Americas and five in Asia. With roughly 40% of Inditex shops, Zara brings in about 80% of the groups revenue. There are now about 1,100 Inditex stores in the world, and a new one opens every other day. The companys success is proof that it is still possible to build a massive brand by doing no more than meeting a market need. It has achieved this without any advertising or promotion and without outsourcing its manufacturing to countries where labour is cheap. RELATED STORIES: †¢ Pressing for change in the sweatshops March 15, 2001 RELATED SITES: †¢ Inditex †¢ Press for change Note: Pages will open in a new browser window External sites are not endorsed by CNN Interactive. Search CNN. com Find Back to the top  © 2003 Cable News Network LP, LLLP. A Time Warner Company. All Rights Reserved. Terms under which this service is provided to you. Read our privacy guidelines. Contact us. 3 of 3 10-09-08 01:14 PM Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Zara" essay for you Create order

Human And Environmental Interactions Of The Salem Creek...

Human and Environmental Interactions Each watershed varies depending on location. The Salem Creek watershed naturally consists of rocks, vegetation, water, clay and loam soils, slopes, and juvenile aquatic life. Conversely, there is naturally some stream bank and soil erosion. As for human features, the watershed consists of drainage pipes, sewage pipes, bridges, mounds of cement, and pollution sources. Most of the human features are generally in the highly urbanized areas of the watershed, which consists of northwestern portion of Winston-Salem, NC. There were also impervious surfaces bordering both sides of the watershed. On the stretch parallel to Old Salem Road, there was Old Salem Road on one side of the watershed, and housing and other buildings on the other. With the portion that is appears near South Main Street, there is a multiuse development and major road bordering it. There is also cement on the furthest side of the watershed and a sidewalk on the other that border the w ide portion of the watershed that is located in the Salem Creek Greenway. Many of these impervious surfaces have drainage systems that run directly into the watershed. As shown above in the center picture, there is direct drainage from the street to the watershed with no type of filtration, which in return has cause the glistening polluted puddle in front of the drainage pipe. Salem College as well as Old Salem are large tourists attractions for Winston-Salem, NC. In order to continue the

Art Is an Expression Free Essays

Art History 6A 19 November 2011 Triumph! Art is an expression that we as humans do as a way to express and communicate with others. Through art every painting/sculpture has an intended purpose and message/story to convey. No matter what race, gender, or class, one can understand what message is being shared or find an entirely opposite interpretation other than what the artist intended. We will write a custom essay sample on Art Is an Expression or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can relate to the individual on a personal level, and that’s the beauty of art. In this essay I will be writing about two pieces of art that have been around for thousands of years. I will be comparing and contrasting the Palette of King Narmer (back) and the painting â€Å"Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt. † Both murals contain symbolism, as well as concepts of life and death. Each in their individual way conveys a message of importance and triumph. The Palette of King Narmer dates back to the first Egyptian dynasty, from Hierakonpolis, c. 3000 B. C, it is flat in appearance and double-sided with engravings on both sides, each individual side separated into 3 distinctive sections by horizontal lines with the middle being the biggest. It stands approximately 25† inches (63. 5cm) in height and tapers down to a point. The structure of the piece is very similar to the outline of a shield. It is composed of a dark color slate, common rock found in Egypt. Unlike the Palette the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† is much bigger almost double in size, standing 4 feet tall. It was created during the fifth dynasty, Saqqara, c. 2400 B. C. and is composed of painted limestone. Prior to the creation of the Palette of King Narmer, art was divided throughout Egypt. Egypt was divided geographically and politically into Upper and Lower Egypt. Society had an emphasis on becoming unified and the palate marks the unification of these two lands. King Narmer is famously known as the first king to rule these lands. The palettes’ historical importance marks the transition from pre-historical to historical period in Egypt and serves as the foundation for generations of art glorifying kings. During the time of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† Egyptians had a very strong belief and emphasis in death and the afterlife. Death was rarely filled with a sense of fear, but instead embraced with open arms and seen as a necessary transition one must make to live in the afterlife. Egyptians constructed mastabas for the dead. For this reason there was a plethora of funerary offerings including statues, carvings, and paintings made and placed into mastabas. The Egyptians built their mastabas very similar to homes for the dead so when they entered the afterlife they would have all the necessities and luxuries they once had during their lifetime. Narmers palette was an object commonly used in the preparation of eye make up, used by the Egyptians mostly to block and shield out the sun. The palette is most likely a votive or gift to the gods. Whereas the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† was a funerary gift made to honor loved ones who have passed and entered their next chapter in life. In both works of art, animals are portrayed but only in the palette do animals have true symbolic meaning. On the Back of the palette the upmost section portrays two cow heads one on each side, which appear to have human faces. This representation depicts a variety of interpretations: the goddess Hathor, or the goddess bat, or just a symbolism for the Kings power and strength, which is a common symbolism of a bull throughout Egyptian art. The true meaning of these symbolic bulls is unknown till this day due to the uncommon frontal portrayal of the bulls. Also in the back of the palette there stands a falcon, symbolizing the god Horus- protector of kings. The falcon is placed on top of a head sitting on papyrus representing Lower Egypt. This signifies the triumph and power Upper Egypt had over Lower Egypt. In the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† animals individually serve no significant value, but as a whole in Egyptian art a successful hunt is a metaphor for triumph over evil. In the palette of King Narmer there are a series of hieroglyphics used to signify the powerful King Narmer making Narmers palette the earliest existing labeled piece of art. In between the bullheads are hieroglyphics of a catfish (nar) and a chisel (mer) within a frame representing the royal palace. The fish also pays tribute to the Nile River since Egypt strived and lived off the river for all its resources such as food and water. In the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† there are no hieroglyphics used because it was intended for the dead. Its purpose served to represent and honor the loved ones passed. In â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† the artist incorporates a unique series of lines/patterns to bring structure and organization to the piece. This is portrayed in the water beneath the boats by a pattern of wavy lines that embody fish and hippopotami. In the uppermost of the painting the artist uses a series of fine grooves that lead into a commotion of birds and foxes resembling papyrus flowers. Similarly lines play a Important role in the Palette of Narmer. A series of Horizontal lines are used to break the palette into 3 distinctive sections. Without the use of lines, the palette would have no organization and would become chaotic. The portrayal of the body when referencing both Narmer and Ti is very similar. Showing the influence Narmers palette had in art. In both pictures the eye and upper body is in frontal view while the head and legs/feet are in profile view, one in front of the other, which was a very common depiction of important figures. It was believed that by showing the Egyptians in this way all the body parts needed in the afterlife would be properly expressed and available to the deceased when needed. Slaves and animals were painted more natural and relaxed, and with a smaller scale in drawings to show there limited importance. In both pictures the artists illustrate both Narmer and Ti being the dominating and largest figure (which is called  hierarchical scale). In the palette of King Narmer, Narmer is significantly larger in his ceremonial beard wearing a bowling pin shape crown, which represents Upper Egypt. Attached to the end of his kilt is a bulls tail indicating the power and strength of Narmer. Behind King Narmer is a much smaller servant, most likely of high rank, carrying his sandals making Narmer barefoot. Throughout Egyptian art being barefoot symbolizes the person is on holy ground. In Narmers right hand he holds a club, ready to strike a kneeling warrior he holds by the head with his left hand. This once again signifies the power and strength of Narmer over his enemies. Below this scene are two bearded men most likely enemies of the king lying dead symbolic of how lethal and victorious of a ruler he is. In the mastaba of a Ti the painting â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† Ti is similarly portrayed. Ti is shown much larger and out of scale compared to his slaves depicted, representing his importance and social status. In Egypt a successful hunt was a metaphor for triumph over evil. Ti and his slaves are roaming through marshes, hunting hippopotami and birds. Ti unlike Narmer is distant away from the hunt, not engaging in the action of killing the hippopotami but yet he is still present over looking his slaves during the hunt. He is a neutral observer of life, resembling his Ka being at peace. Both murals use a variety of lines, symbols, and details not only to focus on the importance and triumph of Narmer and Ti but also make a structured organized piece of art. The palette of Narmer represents this triumph over evil more straightforward being that Narmer has already killed two of his foes about to kill another, holding in the palm of his hand the power to give life or death. On the other hand the painting â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† is metaphorically representing victory and triumph through the hunt. How to cite Art Is an Expression, Essay examples

Research Methodology for Elaborating Works

Question: Discuss about the Research Methodology for Elaborating Works. Answer: Introduction Research in simple term means systematic as well as a logical search of new along with useful information on certain particular topic. Research is not only a way of thinking but it is also set of skills. Research helps to understand, formulate the guiding principle that regulate a particular procedure in work sphere. Amongst key professions like medical, public health ,psychology and education,research and practice complement each other in a way that practice usually depend upon what is discovered in past through research.Researchers often use textbooks, articles in journals, thesis, company reports, internet, newspapers, and journals as major source to gather information to related topic. Research according to Creswell (2012) is a unique process that involves a small set of logical steps. All these steps help in collection as well as analysis of information in order to increase and create improved understanding about the topic or any specific issue. It's a liberal term used for any kind of investigation that is intended to uncover interesting or new facts. The selection of research approach depends on the nature of the issues being addressed or research problem. Any research project does not have predefined independent as well as dependent variables rather it focuses on human sense- making complexity as and when the situation arises (Kaplan Maxwell, 1994) . These research methods are commonly used to collect, analyze and interpret data that is collected through investigations. Research methodology showcases three major approaches namely Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Method. Quantitative research implies is the one that depends mainly on the procuring of quantitative data Qualitative research is that research which relies on the accumulation of qualitative data. Mixed research is the one that involves the blending of qualitative as well as quantitative methodology. Mixed methods research has emerged as key method along with quantitative as well as qualitative approach as an important tool for researchers. The purposes of the study is to place mixed method research as the natural phenomena over conventional qualitative and quantitative research and to outlay a framework for formulating and implementing a sound and well established breadth of knowledge . Research Background and context Over the past ten years, and in the recent past it has been found to be associated with a groundswell articles, conferences along with specialist journals that are dedicated to mixed methods research (Tashakkori Teddlie, 2010). The proposed research study will address the individual inclusion of Israeli children diagnosed with autism in regular classes. The research study will examine a Comprehensive Inclusive Program developed by the researcher and a staff of experts for a group of mainstreamed children after the study day in the school, with the goal of improving the individual inclusion of the children in the regular classes during school hours. The program is led by a special education teacher in cooperation with Para-medical therapists and Group Psychotherapists for twelve academic hours. Five children who were diagnosed on the autism spectrum as higher functioning participate in the program as well as a group of five typically developing children. Characteristics of Inclusive Intervention Program The comprehensive inclusive intervention program includes para-medical treatments, Group Psychotherapy sessions and social group sessions for the reinforcement and development of the social relationships and interaction between the group members and non-disabled peers who are invited into the framework to participate in different activities, when the goal is also to develop and improve play and conversation abilities with them in task as shown below: Improvement of skills and basic activities such as organizing table, eating together, and cleaning the activity area. Improvement of the childrens functioning in communicational and social skills such as attention, conversation and dialogue with a friend and staff member, behaviour according to the laws of the group, flexibility, consideration of others, waiting, mutual help, and ability to play together in a pair and in a group. Creation of reference to partners and creation of an affiliation group. Rise in childrens independence through accompaniment in different tasks and appropriate support and mediation. Research Aim Study 1: To produce a systematic review on the types of inclusive programs for ASD children in regular classes and to identify the outcome variables and the instruments to assess the social inclusion (standard scales), with special attention to the existing inclusive programs in Israel. Study 2: To investigate the attitudes towards inclusion of ASD children in regular classes in Israeli parents and teachers. Study 3: To investigate the effects of the comprehensive inclusive program of Israeli ASD children at levels of their social communication and the perception of social inclusion by peers, parents and teachers. Knowledge Gap The literature review found till writing of this manuscript was insufficient academic work that addresses similar intervention programs on the individual inclusion of ASD children in mainstream schools after the introduction of the revised Diagnostic Statistical Manual of mental disorders (APA, 2013). Therefore, research study will fill this gap in knowledge and throw light on the necessity of inclusion programs in mainstream schools to improve the quality of the integration between ASD children and typically developing children. Research Design and Methodology Literature Review With plenty of studies being done in health science, its difficult though not impossible for researchers to progress with the research methodology study. Systematic reviews differ from conventional narrative reviews in many ways. Narrative reviews are usually descriptive, does not contain a structured research on literature, and lays emphasis on a subgroup of studies in a given area selected on the basis of either authors preference or availability. Consequently narrative reviews although they are highly informative often contain an element of selection choice Systematic reviews, generally envisages in depth and broader layout and search plan primarily derived with the goal of lowering bias by noticing ,reviewing and synchronizing all useful studies on a specific topic (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2009). Further presenting the 8 stages of a systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Identify the research topic Define inclusion and exclusion parameters Design search methodology techniques Select methodology Collect data Study research Analyze research Summarize data The present research study will examine and study various articles on the variety of inclusive programs for ASD children in regular classes. It will also identify the outcome variables and instruments to assess the social inclusion, with special attention to the existing inclusive programs in Israel (Iulia, Copacia, Rusua, 2016). Mixed Method Research Mixed method research is a composition of basic data types and methodological procedures. In mixed method research, the researcher gathers data based on research topic that contain both numbers and text along with related methodologies categorized within a qualitative or quantitative perspective .In the process of procuring relevant data for benefiting the young researchers/ students, teachers it appears that either a strictly qualitative or in another case quantitative study will be insufficient .Though its important that some statistical evidence of strategy need to be found and used yet, its preferable that an assessment of strategy followed amongst participants also includes their own opinions and input (Burke Johnson Gray, 2010). In large and highly funded project researchers might prefer to collate quantitative data in the very first phase, which is then followed by a qualitative data collected during second stage, again followed by collection of quantitative data in third phase. Every project in itself is quite distinct as a study and the entire program of inquiry can be referred to as mixed method research. This is common case found in several large scale health science projects (Baskerville, Hogg, Lemelin, 2001) Study 2 will investigate the attitude toward inclusion of ASD children in regular classes among Israeli parents and teachers. The method used will be a snowball sampling method. 50 general education teachers and 50 parents will be introspected with respect to their discretion to include their student/child in a regular classroom to examine if there was a major difference in their behaviour and concepts toward inclusion. Independent sample test will be used in order to make comparison between the mean scores of the data along with a descriptive statistics method so as to analyse and find the ranges of the two groups. Case Study Case study is defined as in detailed, wide angled investigation using qualitative research methods on a specific social phenomenon. It comprises of a highly in-depth investigation, often where data is being collated over a period of phenomena, or time within their context (Zainal, 2007). Study 3 of research will investigate the effects of a comprehensive inclusive program of Israeli ASD children at different levels of their social communication and the perception of social inclusion by three different kinds of informants: teachers, parents as well as peers. This kind of outlook to research will provide examining of a phenomenon within its sphere utilizing different types of sources. Population Size Study 3 - 100 participants. 50 teachers and 50 parents of ASD students attending mainstream primary schools in Israel. In study three- 10 participants, 5 High Functioning diagnosed ASD students who participate in the Comprehensive Inclusive Program, receive help from a personal assistant teacher during the school day .The left over 5 participants are typically developing children, coming from similar school, being spotted and identified by their class teacher as possessing equivalent academic abilities, matched in age and IQ of residents in the north of Israel. Research Instrument As a part of data collection process research instrument refers to methodology adopted by researcher to obtain data from participants. Adedokun (2003: p 57) proclaims that data refers to any fact, observation or facts relating to the subject of the study. The term data refers to all forms of information that researchers obtain from the participant for study. Variety of instruments used by researchers for their understanding depends on the nature of study. Data Collection Instruments Research methodology tools used to procure data from audience for research are known as data collection instruments. Instruments include questionnaire, interviews, observations, focus group discussion and experiments. Instruments involved in this research study are discussed below: Questionnaire The questionnaire is most widely used tool for collecting research data. It basically seeks the opinions of individuals in a sample or a population on issues directly related to the objectives of the research study (Aina, 2004: p 348). It consists of a set of systematic written questions designed by researchers to procure information from the audience. Questionnaire must be valid and reliable so that the data procured can authenticate the research. It provides large collection of data in a comparatively span period of time and is inexpensive. Present research, would be using the Social Inclusion Survey (Frederickson Graham, Social skills and emotional intelligence, 1999) , which is designed mainly to access the social outcomes of both inclusion as well as good psychometric properties (Frederickson Furham, 1998). Along with these ratings of social inclusion; present research will also obtain reports formed by questionnaires on attitudes and concepts regarding inclusion from parents and teachers. Study 3 will be using two research instruments namely interview and observation which are apt for case study. The purpose of instruments used is to investigate the effects of a comprehensive inclusive program of ASD students at levels of their social communication and the perception of social inclusion by peers, parents and teachers. Both the instruments are discussed below: Interview Interview also known as oral questionnaire is a measurement instrument in which the researcher collects various data and information with the help of oral communication from respondents. Lists of structured questions that are connected with the study are prepared by researcher, before interacting with the respondents to collect their opinions on subject matter. Interviews are either conducted personally or telephonically or through an electronic mailing system. The best feature of this method is that it helps in creating higher response rate. Some of the materials that are needed during interview are paper, pen and tape recorder. Along with producing higher response rate, it tends to be an effective representative of the entire population of the study. Ono the other hand the personal contacts between the respondents and the researcher assists the researcher in providing explanations for ambiguous questions in detail (Aina, 2004) . In the case study performed by the researcher, in depth interviews will be held for parents, Special Education teacher who runs the program, para-medical therapists who are in contact with the children, so as to thoroughly understand the contribution of the intervention program to the quality of the childrens inclusion. The questions will be related to the data that is collected after the completion of study 1. Observation Observation is an instrument deployed by researcher in which a personal behaviour or situation is observed and recorded. Observation participants are mainly of two kinds: participant observation or the non-participant observation. When the researcher is considered to be a part of the group to be observed its participant observation whereas, when the researcher is not a part of the group to be observed its called as non-participant observation. Study 3 Observations will be made by researcher throughout academic year in the implementation of the comprehensive inclusive program number of time so as to examine whether there is a change and how is it expressed in social-communicational skills of the children in the program. The observations will contain a standard sheet with Likert items for several dimensions such as initiations of interactions by the ASD child, level of prompt needed to perform a specific social skill etc., these will be filled in at the end of each class. Some of the items will address also the group of typically developing children, focusing on the interactions with the ASD peer. Analysis The findings will be analyzed in both qualitative and quantitative manner that will address the understanding of the questionnaires, interviews and observations in research study .A perfect fusion of both types of data can provide a detailed understanding of problem. Summary In this research overview of research phases and evolution of Mixed Method Research has been brought into light. Research methods are basically techniques used for research purpose. They are the process and procedures followed to collect, sort and analyze information to draw inferences. With the evolution of time mixed methods research is commonly known as the third methodological movement and has become very much popular as research methods for more than a decade. Mixed Methodology research outlines the methodology and methods of research. Prominent researchers are now a part of the Mixed Method research community which has its own realistic, philosophical, analytical, theoretical and methodological reach as well as layout for the research. Mixed research is realistic as well as practical because it gives researcher a freedom to use all possible methods for addressing a problem. Most of the subfields for example physical education , leadership, counselling psychology etc. have start ed using mixed methods for research and it is expected that the sub fields of education will be placing their mark n the field (Plano Clark, 2005) .Reportedly, the influence of mixed methods can be seen as an emerging revolution. Many developments have been proclaimed in span of last 10 years, inducing many educators, researchers and attracting the attention of scholars worldwide. Mixed Method research is inevitable due of complexity of problem that need to be catered and the rise demand of qualitative research and realistic needs in order to collect multiple types of data from a scattered audience. Primarily considering the factors that lead to the choice of mixed method inculcates result expectation, integration of database, their timing, selection of design and the implementation of project by the researchers. Though mixed method is still in debate and discussion stage and yet to reach consensus. Research outlines the basis of major government policies in an economy . The effect of mixed methods is regarded as a kind of movement as rapid developments have occurred in recent past 20 years . Authors like John W. Creswell and Vicki L. Plano Clark have provided an overview as well as given an introduction to mixed method research which includes the entire process of research starting with writing an introduction, followed by data collection and then data analys is and interpreting and writing mixed method studies .Hence it can be concluded that to get the best outcome of a research study you need to combine all the available techniques for research. The overview of above study and its research methodology, and different types of research methodology like case study, research instruments such as questionnaire, interview, analysing data has helped me personally in reaching a consensus. Moreover, it had a huge impact on understanding of Research methodology by investigating several research methods and choosing the best one for my study. I have tried not to put the research objectives in any kind of jeopardy. I think this entire experience will help in enhancing both my academic competency as well as help in providing invaluable contribution in my professional development. Using mixed methods for the study has helped me in maintain a clear vision and move along with the research objectives References Adedokun, J. (2003). Basics of Research Methodology. Sagamu: New Hope Publisher. Aina, L. (2004). Library and Information Science Text for Africa. Ibadan: Third World Services Limited. American Psychiatric Association, A. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders . American Psychiatric Association . Baskerville, N. B., Hogg, W., Lemelin, J. (2001). Process evaluation of a tailored multifac-eted approach to changing family physician practice patterns improving preventive care. J Fam Pract. , W2429. Burke Johnson, R., Gray, R. (2010). A history of the philosophical and theoretical issues for mixed methods research. Cresswell, J. W. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. London: Sage Publications. Frederickson, N., Furham, A. (1998). Use of sociometric techniques to assess the social status of mainstreamed children with moderate learning difficulties. Genetic, Social and General Psychology , 381-433. Frederickson, N., Graham, B. (1999). Social skills and emotional intelligence. Windsor: NFER-Nelson. Copacia,I.A., Rusub, A. S. (2016). Trends in Higher Education Service-Learning Courses for Pre-Service Teachers: a Systematic Review. Education, Reflection, Development, ERD 2015. Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Kaplan, B., Maxwell, J. A. (1994). Qualitative research methods for evaluating computer information systems. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Plano Clark, V. L. (2005). Cross-disciplinary analysis of the use of mixed methods in physics education research, counseling psychology, and primary care. Dissertation Abstracts International, 66, 02A. Saunders, M., Lewis , P., Thornhill, A. (2009). Research Methods for Business Students (5th edition ed.). Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students. Harlow: Pearson Education. Tashakkori, A. .., Teddlie, C. (2010). Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Zainal, Z. (2007). Case study as a research method. Jurnal Kemanusiaan .

Astrazeneca Branch In Bulgaria Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Astrazeneca Branch In Bulgaria Essay, Research Paper Managerial Communications and Research Methods Communication Feasibility Report AstraZeneca Branch in Bulgaria Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary. 32. Our end 43. AstraZeneca..54. Bulgaria # 8211 ; Basic Facts # 8230 ; 65. Britain # 8211 ; Bulgaria # 8211 ; cultural comparing # 8230 ; 86. Recommendations for get the better ofing the differences 107. Mentions..15I. Executive SummaryThe British company AstraZeneca plans to open a representative subdivision in Bulgaria. This paper is a research about the state and cultural, and communicating manners of the Bulgarians. It points out differences between British and Bulgarian civilization and communicating manners. The troubles that may happen because of these differences are in three chief countries of communicating # 8211 ; communicating with: 1/ the clients, 2/ the Governmental Institutions and 3/ the employees. We recommend the undermentioned scheme for get the better ofing them. First, the job with the fact that the clients are hapless and our medical specialties are expensive will be overcome with a strong selling scheme. Next, a particular Project Team will take attention of the communications with the Governmental Institutions. We will write a custom essay sample on Astrazeneca Branch In Bulgaria Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Last, the problems that may happen between the Bulgarian employees ( directors ) and the UK Headquarters will be resolved by training.II. Our GoalWe are a British pharmaceutical company that has subdivisions and representative offices in many states around the universe. Our end is to open a representative subdivision in Bulgaria in order to sell our medical specialties on that market. We will happen more about the state and its civilization in order to place possible troubles in the communicating, generate options and happen solutions how our venture can be successful.III. AstraZenecaAstraZeneca, one of the universe s taking pharmaceutical companies, was formed in April 1999 through the amalgamation of Astra AB, Sweden, and Zeneca Group PLC, UK. AstraZeneca aims to turn from its familial place, edifice on the best from both of the amalgamation spouses. It is universe figure three in ethical pharmaceuticals.The corporate central offices are in London. AstraZeneca has a extremely expe rienced Board and Executive Management Team. The Chief Executive and his Executive Team run the company. The Chief Executive is responsible to the full AstraZeneca Board for the running of the Group. The company has more than 50,000 employees worldwide. We believe passionately in invention, people, partnerships, and duties. AstraZeneca has a strong research base and powerful merchandise portfolio, designed to contend disease in seven countries of existent medical demand malignant neoplastic disease, cardiovascular, cardinal nervous system, GI, infection, hurting control and anaesthesia, and respiratory.AstraZeneca supports a broad scope of charitable, educational and environmental enterprises at an international and local level.With worldwide presence and production installations in 20 states, AstraZeneca s relationships with the communities in which we operate are cardinal to our success. IV. Bulgaria # 8211 ; Basic Facts HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: A Slavic province, Bulgaria achieved independency in 1878 after 500 old ages of Ottoman regulation. Bulgaria fought on the losing side in both World Wars. After World War II it fell within the Soviet domain of influence. Communist domination ended in 1991 with the disintegration of the USSR, and Bulgaria began the combative procedure of traveling toward political democracy and a market economic system. In add-on to the jobs of structural economic reform, peculiarly denationalization, Bulgaria faces the serious issues of maintaining rising prices under control and unemployment, battling corruptness, and controling black-market and mafia-style crime.LOCATION: Located on the Balkan Peninsula, Bulgaria extends from the western shore of the Black Sea to Yugoslavia and Macedonia in the West. In the North, the Danube River forms the greater portion of Bulgaria # 8217 ; s common boundary line with Romania. Greece and European Turkey prevarication to the South and sou-east of Bulgaria.AREA: 110,987-sq. kilometer. ( 44,365-sq. mi. ) . Population: 8,290,988 ( July 1997 est. ) . Capital: Sofia ( dad. 1,114,759 ) . Chief Town: Plovdiv ( dad. 377,637 ) , Varna ( dad. 297,090 ) , Bourgas ( dad. 188,367 ) , and Rousse ( dad. 185,425 ) .ADMINISTRATIVE Organization: 28 territories. Conveyance: The railroad conveyance is of great significance for the state. The sea and river ( along the Danube river ) fleet take an active portion in the trade of the state. The major havens are Varna and Bourgas, and the chief Danube ports are Rousse, Lom, Svishtov, and Vidin. There is a ferryboat connexion between Vidin and Kalafat ( Romania ) . The chief airdrome is Sofia Airport.CLIMATE: temperate ; cold, moist winters ; hot, dry summersOFFICIAL Language: Bulgarian. The Bulgarian linguistic communication belongs to the South Slavic subdivision of the Slavic linguistic communications and uses the Cyrillic alphabet.NATIONAL DAY: 3 March # 8211 ; The Day of the Liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman Rule ( 1878 ) . OFFICIAL HOLIDAYS : # 183 ; New Year s Day on January 1 # 183 ; Easter # 183 ; Labor Day on May 1 # 183 ; Saint George Day on May 6 # 183 ; The Day of the Laminitiss of the Slavonic Alphabet St. Cyril and St. Methodius on May 24 # 183 ; Unification Day on September 6 # 183 ; Independence Day on September 22 # 183 ; Christmas on December 25 Currency: Lev ( BGN ) . Currency board.LEGAL SYSTEM: Parliamentary RepublicHEAD OF STATE: Petar Stoyanov # 8211 ; President ( since 22 January 1997 ) . Cultural Group: Bulgarian 87.8 % , Turk 8.5 % , Gypsy 2.6 % , other 1.1 % .RELIGIONS: Bulgarian Orthodox 85 % , Muslim 13 % , Judaic 0.8 % , Catholic 0.7 % , and other 0.5 % . V. Britain – Bulgaria – cultural comparing Britain BulgariaLanguage English BulgarianHabits Drink beer and whisky Drink grape brandy Smoking is banned in public topographic points Smoking is non banned in public topographic points Socialize in pubs Very hospitable ; besides like to run into at caf s Bias against the quality of the Bulgarian merchandises and penchant for foreign ( western ) productsCommunication manners Have repute for being reserved in their behaviour but are sort when asked for general aid or advise ; agitate custodies when meeting, used to eye-contact Friendly ; unfastened ; used to eye-contact ; agitating custodies when meeting ; women- friends kiss each other when meetingRacial issues Protected in jurisprudence against racial favoritism The authorities policy is to incorporate all the minority groups in the society. There is a National Agency for Ethnic and Demographic Issues.Gen der issues Women are still fighting for equal chances in work and political relations. Womans have good chances at work. Homosexuality is no illegal. There are particular cheery saloon. Homosexuality is non good accepted by the public.Family Peoples tend to populate as spouses instead than merry. Partners even have the legal rights of hubby and married woman. Young people tend to populate as spouses. They can get married subsequently. Parents take attention of their kids during their whole life.Political system King and hierarchal society Building democratic society ; Bureaucratic administrative systemSociety Well represented in-between category but besides rich people ; good working societal system A batch of the people are hapless and few are really rich. The per centum of unemployment is high. VI. Recommendations for get the better ofing the differencesWe will turn to the cultural differences that can impact AstraZeneca s communications with the Bulgarians. If AstraZeneca opens a subdivision in Bulgaria it will hold to pass on with:1. Customers2. Government Institutions3. Employees1. Our clients will be the ordinary people.We develop medical specialties for malignant neoplastic disease and cardiovascular diseases. The per centum of malignant neoplastic disease and cardiovascular diseases in Bulgaria is high.AstraZeneca s medical specialties are expensive. The Bulgarian people are hapless, but willing to give money to continue their health.We suggest a strong selling and advertisement scheme with accent on the high quality of AstraZeneca s medical specialties and a batch of information about the strong research base of the company. This advertisement together with the prejudice of the Bulgarians against the quality of the local merchandises will increase our opportunities of success. The figure below shows the inclinations in the pharmaceutical market for the last twelvemonth. The import is bigger compared with the market of the local production. Bulgarian P harmaceutical market ( 01.01.1999 01.01.2000 ) The physicians, the pharmaceuticss, the infirmaries and the freshly established National Insurance Fund can make the ordinary people. We recommend the selling section to construct up those communications ( see figure on page 13 ) . 2. Governmental InstitutionsAstraZeneca will hold to work with The National Drug Institute in order to license company s merchandises and enter the market of Bulgaria. The Institute is a province establishment. Corruptness and bureaucratism are identified as the greatest jobs in the province establishments. Our advice is the constitution of a Project Team whose chief undertaking will be to measure the state of affairs and to bring forth solutions for developing healthy communications with this establishment. The Drug enrollment section will spread out those communications in the hereafter ( see figure on page 13 ) .The cardinal office of the subdivision should be in the capital Sofia. This will assist in the communications with the authorities establishments, which are chiefly based in Sofia.3. EmployeesAstraZeneca would wish to use Bulgarians in the new subdivision using its corporate policy of belief in people and duties through holding local staff in each state. This will be good for the company because the Bulgarians are good educated and difficult working. We think that the linguistic communication differences will non be a barrier to the communicating because most of the immature people in Bulgaria speak English as a 2nd linguistic communication. There should be a common working agenda to get the better of the fluctuations in the holidays.The communicating procedure between AstraZeneca staff and the Bulgarian employees will be facilitated by the unfastened and friendly nature of the Bulgarians. We anticipate that the Bulgarians will hold troubles with the reserved British manner of communicating. To get the better of this job we suggest that the directors in the Bulgarian subdivis ion, who will hold direct communicating with our central offices, to be people who have received their instruction in Britain or have worked in a similar international environment. If there are still misinterpretations our recommendation is to develop the directors in the UK Headquarters. In that manner they will go familiar with the corporate policy and will hold a opportunity to develop personal relationships. On the land of the above analysis we suggest that the new subdivision should hold the undermentioned construction: VI. References1. englishculture.about.com2. www.astrazeneca.com3. www.bba.bg4. www.bcci.bg5. www.bfia.org6. www.bulgaria-embassy.org7. www.business-europa.co.uk/bsmenu.html8. www.google.com9. www.ndi.bg400.bg10. www.open.gov.uk11. Analyzing and populating in Britain: A usher for international pupils and visitants ( 1997 ) . The British Council 344

JazzFrock essays

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Mending Wall Essay -- essays research papers

In â€Å"Mending Wall†, Robert Frost made us aware that something doesn’t love the wall in the beginning of the poem, the wall that symbolizes boundary and obstacle between people. Although this restrictive wall gives protection and a feeling of safety for the people who are inside it, it also creates a huge barrier to the people who are on the outside. The only difference between a physical wall and an imaginary barrier is that a physical wall will eventually fall apart as time goes by, but the emotional one on the other hand will only get bigger. Does Frost agree with his neighbor on the perspective of relationship between people, or do they each hold a different idea?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the poem, Frost and his neighbor had a relatively short conversation. We can see that there is a sense of separation between them. Frost rarely talks to his neighbor, and the only time they ever have a chance to communicate is when they are repairing the fences. This lack of communication and understanding gradually builds up an invisible barrier between them. This invisible barrier that stands between keeps them separate. Even when they are working together fixing the wall, they are staying one on a side of the wall. It seems that Frost enjoys working with his neighbor separately when he says â€Å"Oh, just another kind of outdoor game, one on a side†. However Frost also gives us a feeling that there is other meaning to it. A game very often symbolizes a competition, or a fight. We c...